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The European Union called on Sudanese authorities to address allegations concerning chemical weapons urgently, objectively and transparently. Ireland’s permanent representative to the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, Anne Derwin, raised the issue during the OPCW Executive Council session in The Hague. The Sudanese government had previously rejected U.S. accusations that chemical weapons were used during the war, arguing that Washington had not supplied credible evidence or used the verification mechanisms available through the OPCW.

A 15-year-old student armed with a knife attacked eight girls at a middle school in Istanbul’s Başakşehir district at about 8:40 a.m. local time. Police arrested the alleged attacker, who studied at another school and was reportedly wearing a school uniform when she entered the building. Health Minister Kemal Memişoğlu said one victim was in critical condition and two had moderate-to-serious injuries, while the other students sustained lighter injuries and received hospital treatment.

India said twelve crew members aboard the Panama-flagged tanker MT On Peace were injured when the vessel was struck by a projectile while transiting the Strait of Hormuz. The nineteen-member crew included seventeen Indian nationals, eleven of whom were among the injured. With assistance from Omani authorities, the injured sailors were evacuated and received medical treatment in Khasab, Oman. India condemned the attack and called for an end to attacks on commercial shipping, sailors and civilian infrastructure in the region.

Yemeni government forces continued offensive operations on several fronts in Marib as part of Operation Dawn of Yemen. Military sources said government troops expelled Houthi forces from positions in the southern Al-Bour sector after intense fighting and artillery support. They also reported breaching Houthi fortifications and clearing minefields, while northern sectors saw raids and artillery attacks against Houthi positions, artillery sites and equipment. The reported battlefield gains and casualties were based on government military accounts.

Yemeni government-aligned forces continued consolidating gains on the western coast following an offensive involving the Giants Brigades and Nation’s Shield forces with Saudi-led coalition air support. Government forces had announced control of Dhubab airport and the main road connecting Mokha with Bab al-Mandab. Field reports also said government forces controlled strategic positions around Dhubab and Al-Omari camp and were moving toward Mokha, while securing their eastern defensive lines against possible Houthi counter-maneuvers.

Yemeni government forces and allied Popular Resistance units reported new advances in Hayfan district south of Taiz during the second day of Operation Dawn of Yemen. Taiz military authorities said their forces captured the mountains of Al-Manzara, Al-Asharif and Dhiban, while fighting also intensified in Quds area of Al-Mawasit district. The developments formed part of a broader multi-front government offensive against Houthi forces. The territorial claims were reported by government military media and were not independently verified in the file.

Libya’s House of Representatives elected Al-Salihin Abdul Nabi as its president during a session in Benghazi, ending Aguila Saleh’s tenure as parliamentary speaker, a position he had held since 2014. Parliamentary spokesman Abdullah Blehiq said Abdul Nabi was elected during a session chaired by second deputy speaker Misbah Douma. The election took place amid internal disagreements over parliamentary procedures and efforts to change the chamber’s leadership. The session was attended by 110 lawmakers.

Bahrain, Kuwait and Qatar, alongside the Gulf Cooperation Council, condemned Houthi attacks targeting Saudi Arabia and expressed support for measures taken by Riyadh to defend its security and sovereignty. Bahrain described Saudi security as inseparable from Gulf security under the joint defence framework, while the GCC characterized attacks on airports and civilian facilities as a serious escalation. The statements also reiterated support for Yemen’s recognized authorities and called for action against threats to regional maritime navigation.

The Saudi-led Coalition to Support Legitimacy in Yemen announced that it intercepted and destroyed a ballistic missile launched by the Houthis toward Khamis Mushait in Saudi Arabia. The announcement came amid a broader escalation involving Houthi attacks against Saudi cities, airports and other civilian and economic targets. Saudi authorities subsequently reiterated the kingdom’s right to defend its territory, sovereignty, citizens and residents and reaffirmed political and military support for Yemen’s Presidential Leadership Council and internationally recognized government.

Libya’s High Council of State adopted decisions rejecting the outcomes of the four-plus-four committee and several laws and decisions issued by the House of Representatives during its 121st session on October 5. The decisions were subsequently attached to a letter sent by council president Mohamed Takala to the United Nations representative. The supplied article identifies the rejection but does not list the individual laws or reproduce the full adopted decisions.

The political and defense strategic committee of the Mecca Defense Alliance appointed retired Pakistani General Nauman Mahmood as the alliance's first secretary-general for a three-year term. The appointment was announced following an emergency meeting in Riyadh involving Saudi Arabia, Türkiye and Pakistan. The participating states described the decision as part of completing the alliance's institutional structure. The appointment accompanied agreements to accelerate the implementation of collective defense arrangements and strengthen coordination among the three signatories.

Saudi Arabia, Türkiye and Pakistan agreed during an emergency meeting in Riyadh to begin implementing their mutual defense commitments immediately. The political and defense strategic committee of the Mecca Defense Alliance approved measures to provide agreed military forces and capabilities and accelerate their deployment in Saudi Arabia. Implementation was to follow approved arrangements and the national laws of the three participating states. The decision followed consultations concerning threats to Saudi security and included joint condemnation of attacks against Saudi cities and civilian infrastructure.